Authorizations are requests from a merchant to the consumer's issuing bank to ensure the cardholder has sufficient money or available credit to cover payment while reserving the funds for the purchase if available.
Denied Party Checks cross-check customer information against lists of parties U.S. merchants are prohibited from doing business with, these lists are maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).
MOD 10 Checks validate that a credit card number is in the correct range and format to be a valid credit card number and what card brand is associated with that credit card number.